Solid waste treatment method

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure provides a solid waste treatment method, including following steps: screening off masses having a particle size greater than 0.5 cm from solid waste; adding extraction agents to the solid waste and then heating and stirring so that the solid waste is fully dispersed in the extraction agents; placing the mixed extraction agent in a centrifuge and centrifuging the mixed extraction; feeding liquid phase separated by centrifuging into a rectification tower for rectification and cooling, recovering residual oil substances in a rectification kettle, separating mixture of cooled extraction agents and water, continuously adding the separated extraction agents into an extraction kettle for cyclic extraction, and conveying sewage to a sewage treatment plant to treat and discharging the sewage after the sewage reaches a treatment standard.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a field of solid waste, and in particular, to a solid waste treatment method.

BACKGROUND

Solid waste refers to a solid or semi-solid waste that is produced by human beings during production and construction, daily life and other activities and cannot be used at certain times and places and is discarded, which pollutes the environment. Oily sludge is a common solid waste in the petrochemical industry, and has characteristics of high oil content, large viscosity, etc., which is difficult to process. The oily sludge contains many petroleum substances, and directly discharging the oily sludge may cause resource waste, and if the treatment is improper, soil and groundwater sources may be polluted, which causes salinization and poisoning, damages and destroys the soil, and toxic materials of the oily sludge may enter food chain system through crops, particularly underground water, and finally directly harms human beings.

In the prior art, most oily sludge is treated in an open-air stacking or landfill manner, if the sludge directly contacts the natural environment, large pollution to the soil, water, and vegetation is caused and waste of petroleum resources is also caused. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an effective, non-polluting solid waste treatment method for oily sludge in the petrochemical industry.

SUMMARY

An object of the present disclosure is to provide an effective, non-polluting solid waste treatment method for oily sludge in the petrochemical industry.

In order to achieve the object, the present disclosure provides following technical solutions.

The present disclosure provides a solid waste treatment method, including following steps:

(1) screening off masses having a particle size greater than 0.5 cm from solid waste;

(2) adding extraction agents to the solid waste and then heating to 30-45 degrees Celsius and stirring for 20-35 minutes so that the solid waste is fully dispersed in the extraction agents; the extraction agents is a mixed extraction agent consisting of a main agent, a secondary agent, and an auxiliary agent; the main agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 115-135 degrees Celsius, the secondary agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 140-150 degrees Celsius, and the auxiliary agent is a distillate oil with boiling range of 80-100 degrees Celsius;

(3) placing the mixed extraction agent of step (2) in a centrifuge and centrifuging the mixed extraction;

(4) feeding liquid phase separated by centrifuging into a rectification tower for rectification and cooling, recovering residual oil substances in a rectification kettle, separating mixture of cooled extraction agents and water, continuously adding the separated extraction agents into an extraction kettle for cyclic extraction, and conveying sewage to a sewage treatment plant to treat and discharging the sewage after the sewage reaches a treatment standard;

(5) adding a degrading bacterium agent, rice hull powder, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water into solid phase separated by centrifuging, and fully mixing the solid phase, the degrading bacterium agent, the rice hull powder, the urea, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the water; and

(6) covering product producing by step (5) with a geomembrane and reacting for 3-5 months; the solid waste is oily sludge.

Furthermore, in the step (2), a volume ratio of the main agent, the secondary agent, and the auxiliary agent in the extraction agent is 85-90:4-6:1-3.

Furthermore, the distillate oil in the step (2) is naphtha.

Furthermore, centrifugal treatment conditions in the step (3) are centrifuged for 7-10 minutes under conditions of 2500-2800 r/min,

Furthermore, in the step (5), a mass ratio of the solid phase, the degrading bacterium agent, the rice hull powder, the urea, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 10:(0.1-0.2):(1-2):(1-2):(0.1-0.2).

Furthermore, a preparation method of the degrading bacterium agent in the step (5) is as follows:

S1: fully dissolving polyvinyl alcohol at 75-85 degrees Celsius and then uniformly mixing the polyvinyl alcohol with sodium alginate solution to obtain a mixed solution;

S2: adding puffed rice to the mixed solution and uniformly mixing the puffed rice and the mixed solution to obtain a solution;

S3: uniformly mixing the solution obtained in the S2 with degrading bacterium solution, then dripping into a calcium chloride saturated boric acid solution with concentration of 30% to form microspheres; and

S4: taking the microspheres out of the solution obtained by the S3 after the solution obtained by the S3 is left to stand, and washing the microspheres by sterilized 0.9% NaCl solution to obtain the degrading bacterium agent.

Furthermore, concentration of the puffed rice in the S2 is 4-4.8 g/L.

Furthermore, in the S3, a volume ratio of the solution obtained in the S2 to the degrading bacterium solution is 8-10:1.

Furthermore, the degrading bacterium solution in the S3 is a bacterium solution containing Jones Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia, and anti-phenolic Lactobacillus.

Furthermore, in the S3, a mass ratio of the Jones Acinetobacter, the Staphylococcus aureus, the Burkholderia, and the anti-phenolic Lactobacillus in the degrading bacterium solution is (4-5):(5-7):(0.5-1.5):(1.5-2.5).

Beneficial effects of the present disclosure are as follows.

The present disclosure may achieve harmless treatment of solid waste containing oily sludge by firstly extracting combined biological bacteria and degrading the combined biological bacteria which has good treatment effects and does not generate secondary pollution, and oil content in treated solid product is reduced to be less than 0.2%. By selecting the mixed extraction agent, extraction rate is higher than common solvents. The degrading bacterium agent of the present disclosure takes the puffed rice as a carrier, so that not only is adsorption performance is good, but also degradation is achieved, and no secondary pollution is generated.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the present disclosure clearer, the present disclosure is further described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

Embodiment 1

The present disclosure provides a solid waste containing oily sludge treatment method, including following steps:

(1) screening off masses having a particle size greater than 0.5 cm from solid waste;

(2) adding extraction agents to the solid waste and then heating to 30 degrees Celsius and stirring for 20 minutes so that the solid waste is fully dispersed in the extraction agents; the extraction agents is a mixed extraction agent consisting of a main agent, a secondary agent, and an auxiliary agent; the main agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 115-135 degrees Celsius, the secondary agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 140-150 degrees Celsius, and the auxiliary agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 80-100 degrees Celsius; a volume ratio of the main agent, the secondary agent, and the auxiliary agent in the extraction agent is 85:4:1; the distillate oil is naphtha.

(3) placing the mixed extraction agent of step (2) in a centrifuge and centrifuging the mixed extraction; centrifugal treatment conditions are centrifuged for 7 minutes under conditions of 2500 r/min.

(4) feeding liquid phase separated by centrifuging into a rectification tower for rectification and cooling, recovering residual oil substances in a rectification kettle, separating mixture of cooled extraction agents and water, continuously adding the separated extraction agents into an extraction kettle for cyclic extraction, and conveying sewage to a sewage treatment plant to treat and discharging the sewage after the sewage reaches a treatment standard;

(5) adding a degrading bacterium agent, rice hull powder, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water into solid phase separated by centrifuging, and fully mixing the solid phase, the degrading bacterium agent, the rice hull powder, the urea, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the water; a mass ratio of the solid phase, the degrading bacterium agent, the rice hull powder, the urea, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 10:0.1:1:1:0.1.

A preparation method of the degrading bacterium agent is as follows:

S1: fully dissolving polyvinyl alcohol at 75 degrees Celsius and then uniformly mixing the polyvinyl alcohol with sodium alginate solution to obtain a mixed solution;

S2: adding puffed rice to the mixed solution and uniformly mixing the puffed rice and the mixed solution to obtain a solution; after mixing, concentration of the puffed rice is 4 g/L;

S3: uniformly mixing the solution obtained in the S2 with degrading bacterium solution, then dripping into a calcium chloride saturated boric acid solution with concentration of 30% to form microspheres; a volume ratio of the solution obtained in the S2 to the degrading bacterium solution is 8:1; the degrading bacterium solution is a bacterium solution containing Jones Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia, and anti-phenolic Lactobacillus; a mass ratio of the Jones Acinetobacter, the Staphylococcus aureus, the Burkholderia, and the anti-phenolic Lactobacillus in the degrading bacterium solution is 4:5:0.5:1.5.

S4: taking the microspheres out of the solution obtained by the S3 after the solution obtained by the S3 is left to stand, and washing the microspheres by sterilized 0.9% NaCl solution to obtain the degrading bacterium agent; and

(6) covering product producing by step (5) with a geomembrane and reacting for 3 months.

Embodiment 2

The present disclosure provides a solid waste containing oily sludge treatment method, including following steps:

(1) screening off masses having a particle size greater than 0.5 cm from solid waste;

(2) adding extraction agents to the solid waste and then heating to 35 degrees Celsius and stirring for 30 minutes so that the solid waste is fully dispersed in the extraction agents; the extraction agents is a mixed extraction agent consisting of a main agent, a secondary agent, and an auxiliary agent; the main agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 115-135 degrees Celsius, the secondary agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 140-150 degrees Celsius, and the auxiliary agent is a distillate oil with boiling range of 80-100 degrees Celsius; a volume ratio of the main agent, the secondary agent, and the auxiliary agent in the extraction agent is 88:5:2; the distillate oil is naphtha.

(3) placing the mixed extraction agent of step (2) in a centrifuge and centrifuging the mixed extraction; centrifugal treatment conditions are centrifuged for 8 minutes under conditions of 2600 r/min.

(4) feeding liquid phase separated by centrifuging into a rectification tower for rectification and cooling, recovering residual oil substances in a rectification kettle, separating mixture of cooled extraction agents and water, continuously adding the separated extraction agents into an extraction kettle for cyclic extraction, and conveying sewage to a sewage treatment plant to treat and discharging the sewage after the sewage reaches a treatment standard;

(5) adding a degrading bacterium agent, rice hull powder, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water into solid phase separated by centrifuging, and fully mixing the solid phase, the degrading bacterium agent, the rice hull powder, the urea, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the water; a mass ratio of the solid phase, the degrading bacterium agent, the rice hull powder, the urea, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 10:0.15:1.5:1.5:0.15.

A preparation method of the degrading bacterium agent is as follows:

S1: fully dissolving polyvinyl alcohol at 80 degrees Celsius and then uniformly mixing the polyvinyl alcohol with sodium alginate solution to obtain a mixed solution;

S2; adding puffed rice to the mixed solution and uniformly mixing the puffed rice and the mixed solution to obtain a solution; after mixing, concentration of the puffed rice is 4.5 g/L;

S3: uniformly mixing the solution obtained in the S2 with degrading bacterium solution, then dripping into a calcium chloride saturated boric acid solution with concentration of 30% to form microspheres; a volume ratio of the solution obtained in the S2 to the degrading bacterium solution is 9:1; the degrading bacterium solution is a bacterium solution containing Jones Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia, and anti-phenolic Lactobacillus; a mass ratio of the Jones Acinetobacter, the Staphylococcus aureus, the Burkholderia, and the anti-phenolic Lactobacillus in the degrading bacterium solution is 4.5:6:1:2.

S4: taking the microspheres out of the solution obtained by the S3 after the solution obtained by the S3 is left to stand, and washing the microspheres by sterilized 0.9% NaCl solution to obtain the degrading bacterium agent; and

(6) covering product producing by step (5) with a geomembrane and reacting for 4 months.

Embodiment 3

The present disclosure provides a solid waste containing oily sludge treatment method, including following steps:

(1) screening off masses having a particle size greater than 0.5 cm from solid waste;

(2) adding extraction agents to the solid waste and then heating to 45 degrees Celsius and stirring for 35 minutes so that the solid waste is fully dispersed in the extraction agents; the extraction agents is a mixed extraction agent consisting of a main agent, a secondary agent, and an auxiliary agent; the main agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 115-135 degrees Celsius, the secondary agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 140-150 degrees Celsius, and the auxiliary agent is a distillate oil with boiling range of 80-100 degrees Celsius; a volume ratio of the main agent, the secondary agent, and the auxiliary agent in the extraction agent is 90:6:3; the distillate oil is naphtha.

(3) placing the mixed extraction agent of step (2) in a centrifuge and centrifuging the mixed extraction; centrifugal treatment conditions are centrifuged for 10 minutes under conditions of 2800 r/min.

(4) feeding liquid phase separated by centrifuging into a rectification tower for rectification and cooling, recovering residual oil substances in a rectification kettle, separating mixture of cooled extraction agents and water, continuously adding the separated extraction agents into an extraction kettle for cyclic extraction, and conveying sewage to a sewage treatment plant to treat and discharging the sewage after the sewage reaches a treatment standard;

(5) adding a degrading bacterium agent, rice hull powder, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water into solid phase separated by centrifuging, and fully mixing the solid phase, the degrading bacterium agent, the rice hull powder, the urea, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the water; a mass ratio of the solid phase, the degrading bacterium agent, the rice hull powder, the urea, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 10:0.2:2:2:0.2.

A preparation method of the degrading bacterium agent is as follows:

S1: fully dissolving polyvinyl alcohol at 85 degrees Celsius and then uniformly mixing the polyvinyl alcohol with sodium alginate solution to obtain a mixed solution;

S2: adding puffed rice to the mixed solution and uniformly mixing the puffed rice and the mixed solution to obtain a solution; after mixing, concentration of the puffed rice is 4.8 g/L;

S3: uniformly mixing the solution obtained in the S2 with degrading bacterium solution, then dripping into a calcium chloride saturated boric acid solution with concentration of 30% to form microspheres; a volume ratio of the solution obtained in the S2 to the degrading bacterium solution is 10:1; the degrading bacterium solution is a bacterium solution containing Jones Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia, and anti-phenolic Lactobacillus; a mass ratio the Jones Acinetobacter, the Staphylococcus aureus, the Burkholderia, and the anti-phenolic Lactobacillus in the degrading bacterium solution is 5:7:1.5:2.5.

S4: taking the microspheres out of the solution obtained by the S3 after the solution obtained by the S3 is left to stand, and washing the microspheres by sterilized 0.9% NaCl solution to obtain the degrading bacterium agent; and

(6) covering product producing by step (5) with a geomembrane and reacting for 5 months

The strains of the present disclosure are commercially available from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) and China Industrial Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CICC), numbers of which are as followings.

A preservation number of the Jones Acinetobacter is CGMCC NO. 13206. A preservation number of the Staphylococcus aureus is CICC NO. 10999. A preservation number of the Burkholderia is CICC NO. 10877. A preservation number of the anti-phenolic Lactobacillus is CICC NO. 23825.

In order to more clearly compare results of repairing, the following experiments were performed: solid waste before treatment, treated solid waste, and healthy soil are planted with alfalfa, then observing and recording plant growth conditions, and the results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Plant Growth Conditions Solid Waste Treated Healthy Groups Before Treatment Solid Waste Soil Stem Weight — 18.2 18.9 (mg) Root Weight — 13.9 36.2 (mg) Root Crown — 0.71 1.95 Ratio Root Length — 40.45 37.9 (mm) Root Diameter — 0.57 0.68 (mm) Stem Length — 44.41 43.21 (mm) Stem Diameter — 0.85 0.9 (mm)

As shown in table 1, alfalfa cannot grow on the solid waste before treatment, but grows vigorously on the treated solid waste. Although some of indexes and the healthy soil have a certain gap, indexes of the root length and stem length of alfalfa in the treated solid waste are significantly higher than those of the healthy soil, which indicates that the toxicity of the treated solid waste has been greatly reduced, and is suitable for plant growth. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A solid waste treatment method, comprising the following steps: (1) screening off masses having a particle size greater than 0.5 cm from solid waste; (2) adding extraction agents to the solid waste and then heating to 30-45 degrees Celsius and stirring for 20-35 minutes so that the solid waste is fully dispersed in the extraction agents; wherein the extraction agents is a mixed extraction agent consisting of a main agent, a secondary agent, and an auxiliary agent; the main agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 115-135 degrees Celsius, the secondary agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 140-150 degrees Celsius, and the auxiliary agent is a distillate oil having a boiling range of 80-100 degrees Celsius; (3) placing the mixed extraction agent of step (2) in a centrifuge and centrifuging the mixed extraction; (4) feeding liquid phase separated by centrifuging into a rectification tower for rectification and cooling, recovering residual oil substances in a rectification kettle, separating mixture of cooled extraction agents and water, continuously adding the separated extraction agents into an extraction kettle for cyclic extraction, and conveying sewage to a sewage treatment plant to treat and discharging the sewage after the sewage reaches a treatment standard; (5) adding a degrading bacterium agent, rice hull powder, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water into solid phase separated by centrifuging, and fully mixing the solid phase, the degrading bacterium agent, the rice hull powder, the urea, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the water; and (6) covering product producing by step (5) with a geomembrane and reacting for 3-5 months; wherein the solid waste is oily sludge.
 2. The solid waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), a volume ratio of the main agent, the secondary agent, and the auxiliary agent in the extraction agent is 85-90:4-6:1-3.
 3. The solid waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the distillate oil in the step (2) is naphtha.
 4. The solid waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein centrifugal treatment conditions in the step (3) are centrifuged for 7-10 minutes under conditions of 2500-2800 r/min.
 5. The solid waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), a mass ratio of the solid phase, the degrading bacterium agent, the rice hull powder, the urea, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 10:(0.1-0.2):(1-2):(1 -2):(0.1-0.2).
 6. The solid waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein a preparation method of the degrading bacterium agent in the step (5) is as follows: S1: fully dissolving polyvinyl alcohol at 75-85 degrees Celsius and then uniformly mixing the polyvinyl alcohol with sodium alginate solution to obtain a mixed solution; S2: adding puffed rice to the mixed solution and uniformly mixing the puffed rice and the mixed solution to obtain a solution; S3: uniformly mixing the solution obtained in the S2 with degrading bacterium solution, then dripping into a calcium chloride saturated boric acid solution with concentration of 30% to form microspheres; and S4: taking the microspheres out of the solution obtained by the S3 after the solution obtained by the S3 is left to stand, and washing the microspheres by sterilized 0.9% NaCl solution to obtain the degrading bacterium agent.
 7. The solid waste treatment method according to claim 6, wherein concentration of the puffed rice in the S2 is 4-4.8 g/L.
 8. The solid waste treatment method according to claim 6, wherein in the S3, a volume ratio of the solution obtained in the S2 to the degrading bacterium solution is 8-10:1.
 9. The solid waste treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the degrading bacterium solution in the S3 is a bacterium solution containing Jones Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia, and anti-phenolic Lactobacillus.
 10. The solid waste treatment method according to claim 6 wherein in the S3, a mass ratio of the Jones Acinetobacter, the Staphylococcus aureus, the Burkholderia, and the anti-phenolic Lactobacillus in the degrading bacterium solution is (4-5):(5-7):(0.5-1.5):(1.5-2.5). 